Diabetes: Translating Research into Practice (Translational Medicine)

Diabetes: Translating Research into Practice (Translational Medicine) Review

Diabetes has garnered world-wide attention and research funding as clinicians and researchers seek to better understand its pathogenesis, prevention, complications management, and impact and relationship to other diseases (heart disease, kidney disease, infections, and inflammation). Clinicians are being overwhelmed with rapidly evolving developments regarding the science and clinical management of diabetes, and are struggling to understand and use this information. Diabetes: Translating Research to Practice will provide a concise interpretation of translational diabetes research for the purpose of preparing clinicians to understand and effectively deploy new strategies and therapeutics into the clinical care of diabetes patients by examining · a contrast between existing information in the clinical practice versus the basis and need for future clinical trials · breakthroughs within clinical trials and methods to incorporate bench to bedside material for the clinical practice · the synthesis and interpretation of the scientific principles, trial results, and clinical implications of emerging and translational therapies, and the management strategies for diabetic patients · the entire scope of translational diabetes research from biology to screening and prognosis, new therapeutics, insulin, transplantation, and complications management · new therapeutic strategies to knowledgably and effectively equip the practicing clinician · assembles information that is scattered throughout the diabetic community into one concise single reference

Cardiovascular Signals in Diabetes Mellitus: A New Tool to Detect Autonomic Neuropathy (Cardiology Research and Clinical Development Series)

Cardiovascular Signals in Diabetes Mellitus: A New Tool to Detect Autonomic Neuropathy (Cardiology Research and Clinical Development Series) Review

Early detection of sub-clinical autonomic dysfunction is of vital importance in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) for the prevention of subsequent serious adverse consequences. Reduction in heart rate variability (HRV) is now regarded as the earliest indicator of cardiovascular dysregulation in DM. HRV has traditionally been quantified using linear measures, which describe the magnitude of RR interval oscillations, but are insufficient to characterise complex heart rate dynamics. While HRV is mostly mediated by parasympathetic nervous system, beat-to-beat blood pressure recordings may provide information regarding sympathetic activity. A variety of novel measures has been developed to quantify non-linear features of cardiovascular signals, providing information on the complexity of the dynamical system involved in the genesis of these short-term fluctuations. In this book, it is demonstrated that novel non-linear methods are often more sensitive to autonomic dysregulation than linear methods and therefore may improve the diagnostic power of cardiovascular variability analysis for cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in DM. Our data indicate that cardiovascular dysregulation progresses in relatively short time frames, depending on the history of DM. Further, its progression appears to be associated with glycemic control. Different methods of cardiovascular variability analysis can provide mutually independent information and therefore should be used simultaneously for a comprehensive analysis of autonomic dysfunction to identify patients at risk for autonomic neuropathy.